Ours is one of the ancient civilizations of the world. More than three thousand years ago, the Indus Valley Civilization flourished in the north-western India.
The music clip that you are hearing is the national anthem of India: "Jana-Gana-Mana" authored by poet Rabindra Nath Tagore, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Today, India with a population of 1 billion, is poised to leapfrog whole stages of industrial development. The country boasts of the second largest English speaking pool of scientific manpower in the world. The biggest engine of growth is the booming InfoTech industry.
31 states, 1618 languages, 6400 castes, 6 religions, 29 major festivals but one
GREAT NATION.
▲Links on India
| ALTA VISTA INDIA | http://in.altavista.com | |
| CULTURE | www.indiancultureonline.com | |
| ENTERTAINMENT | www.hungama.com | |
| HEALTH | check4health.com | |
| HOTELS | www.makemytrip.com | |
| INFORMATION ON INDIA | http://www.indiatimes.com | |
| MOVIES | www.bollywood.org | |
| SEARCH | www.rediff.com | |
| RAILWAYS | www.indianrail.gov.in | www.irctc.co.in | |
| SHOPPING | www.fabmart.com | |
| TEMPLES | www.indiantemples.com | |
| TRAVEL | www.tourismofindia.com | www.incredibleindia.org | |
| www.tourindia.com/htm/indiamapi.htm |
▲World History Facts About India
1. India never invaded any country in her last 1000 years of history.
2. India invented the Number system. Aryabhatta invented 'zero.'
3. The world's first University was established in Takshila in 700BC.
More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60
subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century BC was
one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
4. Sanskrit- the thousand year old Indian language, is the most suitable language for computer software, according to the Forbes magazine
5. Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans.
6. India was once the richest empire on earth. The western media portray modern images of India as poverty-stricken and underdeveloped through political corruption.
7. The art of navigation was born in the river Sindh 5000 years ago. The very word "Navigation" is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH.
8. The value of pi was first calculated by Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is now known as the Pythagorean Theorem. British scholars have in 1999 officially published that Budhayan's works dates to the 6th Century, which is long before the
European mathematicians.
9. Algebra, trigonometry and calculus came from India. Quadratic equations were by Sridharacharya in the 11th Century; the largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Indians used numbers as big as 1053.
10. According to the Gemological Institute of America, up until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds to the world.
11. USA based IEEE has proved what has been a century-old suspicion amongst
academics that the pioneer of wireless communication was Professor Jagadish Chandra Bose and not Marconi.
12. The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation was built in Saurashtra.
13. Chess was invented in India.
14. Sushruta was the father of surgery. 2600 years ago he and health scientists of his time conducted surgeries like rhinoplasty, cesarean sections, cataract, fractures and urinary stones. Usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India.
15. When many cultures in the world were only nomadic forest dwellers
Indians over 5000 years ago, established the Harappan culture in the Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilisation).
16. The place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 100 BC.
▲Quotes about India
Albert Einstein:
We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.
Mark Twain:
India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend and the great grand mother of tradition.
Romain Rolland- the famrd French scholar:
If there is one place on the face of earth where all dreams of living men have found a home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India.
Hu Shih - (Former Chinese ambassador to the USA):
India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border.
▲KNOW YOUR INDIA:
Population: 1,080,264,388 (July 2005 estimate)
Sex ratio: 1.05 male/female at birth
Population growth rate: 1.4 % (2005 estimate)
Religions: Hindu 80.5 %, Muslim 13.4 %, Christian 2.3 %, Sikh 1.9 %, other 1.8 %, unspecified 0.1 % (2001 census)
Ethnic groups: Indo-Aryan 72 %; Dravidian 25 %; Mongoloid and other 3 % (2000 estimate)
Infant mortality rate: Estimates vary from 56 to 65 deaths per 1,000 live births
Total fertility rate: 2.78 children born per female (2005 est.)
Life expectancy: Estimates place overall figure at about 64 years; male 63.57; female 65.16 (2005 estimate)
People living with HIV/AIDS: 5.1 million (2001 estimate)
Major Infectious Diseases:
Floodwater diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, typhoid fever
Vector borne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and Japanese encephalitis are high risks in some locations
Animal contact disease: rabies (2004)
Languages: English is used for national, political and commercial communication; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; there are 14 other languages
Literacy: Defined as age 15+ and can read and write - total population: 59.5 %; male: 70.2 %, female: 48.3 % (2003 est.)
The Land:
Border countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Nepal and Pakistan
Coastline: 7,000 kilometers (4,349.8 miles)
Climate: Tropical monsoon in south, temperate in north
Lowest point: Indian Ocean, sea level
Highest point: Kanchenjunga, 8,598 meters (26,246 feet)
Natural resources: Coal (Fourth-largest reserve in world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium ore, chromites, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable lands
Land use: Arable lands 54.4 percent; permanent crops 2.74 percent; other 42.86 percent
Natural hazards: Droughts; flash floods, as well as widespread and destructive flooding from monsoon rains; severe thunderstorms; earthquakes
The Economy:
GDP real growth rate: 6.2 % (2004 estimate)
GDP per capita: Purchasing power parity - $3,100 (2004 est.)
Public debt: 59.7 % of GDP (federal debt only; state debt not included) (2004 est.)
Labor force: 482 million (2004 estimate)
Labor force by occupation: Agriculture 60 %; industry 17 %; services 23 %(1999 estimate)
Unemployment rate: 9.2 % (2004 estimate)
Population below poverty line: Estimates range between 25 % and 29 %
Oil production: 780,000 bbl/day (2004 estimate)
Oil consumption: 2.13 million bbl/day (2001 estimate)
Export partners: U.S. 18.4 %; China 7.8 %; UAE 6.7 %; UK 4.8 %; Hong Kong 4.3 %; Germany 4 % (2004 estimate)
Import partners: U.S. 7 %; Belgium 6.1 %; China 5.9 %; Singapore 4.8 %; Australia 4.6 %; UK 4.6 %; Germany 4.5 % (2004 estimate)
The networks:
Phone lines in use: 48.9 million (2003)
Mobile/cellular phones: 26,154,400 (2003)
Radio broadcast stations: 153 AM; 91 FM; 68 shortwave (1998)
TV broadcast stations: 562 (of which 82 stations have 1 kW or greater power and 480 stations have less than 1 kW of power) (1997)
Internet country code: .in
Internet hosts: 86,871 (2003)
Internet users: 18.5 million (2003)
The government:
Country name: Conventional long form: Republic of India, short form: India
Government type: Federal republic
Capital City: New Delhi
Administrative divisions: 28 states and 7 union territories
Independence: 15 August 1947 (from UK)
National holiday: Republic Day, 26 January (1950)
Constitution: 26 January 1950; amended many times
Legal system: Based on English common law; limited judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; separate personal law codes apply to Muslims, Christians, and Hindus
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Military manpower: Fit for military service: males age 16-49: 219,471,999 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures: $17 billion (2004)
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